Bat Galim
Shikmona
Shikmona
La grotte du prophete Elie
Elyahu's grotto
Elyahu's grotto
Illigal immigration museum and monument
Musee et monument de l'immigration illegale
Musee et monument de l'immigration illegale
Station du funiculaire Carmel Francais-Bat Galim et restaurant
French Carmel-Bat Galim Cable car station and restaurant
French Carmel-Bat Galim Cable car station and restaurant
Episcopat
L'institut de limnologie et d'oceanographie de Shikmona
La plus belle plage de surf d'Israel
Israel's most beautiful surfing beach
Israel's most beautiful surfing beach
Les oeufs de Gurel
Gurel's eggs
Gurel's eggs
How Haifaites saved their coastline
Wendy Blumfield , THE JERUSALEM POST, 9/2/06
The Haifa municipality's grandiose plans to build a marina and waterfront tower blocks on
the shore of Rosh Hacarmel have been derailed by a rare example of people power. Behind
this achievement is a story of community solidarity: how groups of residents, environment
activists and sports enthusiasts worked together against the might of local and national
governments - and succeeded.
Haifa is a multifaceted city - both beautiful with its mountain forests, kilometers of sandy
beaches and magnificent Bahai gardens, and an ugly mess of industry, pollution and
haphazard construction. Preserving the former and preventing the latter spurred concerned
Haifaites into joining forces with experts in ecology and science, commerce and economics,
architecture and infrastructure to prove that the marina in its proposed location was a bad
idea.
The Rosh Hacarmel coastline is an open stretch of beach from the Maxim restaurant in the
south to Bat Galim, one of the oldest neighborhoods in Haifa. Beyond Bat Galim is Haifa
Bay, a closed area including a naval base, Rambam Hospital, the port and heavy industries.
In recent years, the city's southern beaches have been attractively developed with
promenades, decorative street furniture and children's playgrounds, and their popularity
brought the opening of a few beach caf s and good restaurants. With folk dancing and
open-air shows in good weather, residents of the Carmel make for the southern Dado
beach.
Sandwiched between these popular beaches and Bat Galim is a windswept rocky stretch of
coast, beautiful in its wildness. Hidden from the road, alongside the modern nautical lines
of the Oceanographic and Limnological Institute, is the ancient Tel Shikmona, the ruins of
the Phoenician City - the origins of Haifa.
Windsurfers battle the elements at the curve of the bay, where the wind and waves are
fiercer. By all accounts, this is the best area in Israel for windsurfing.
Over the past 12 years, a master plan emerged to build a marina that would claim 500
meters into the sea on a two-km stretch of the beach.
"Since the marina itself would not be financially viable, the municipality and contractors
intended to attract investment in high-rise tower blocks, with a waterfront outlook and
whose back walls would completely shut off Bat Galim residents from the sea," explains
Ayal Avrach, who lives in a house on the Bat Galim promenade.
Says Ronit Fischer, community director of the Society for the Protection of Nature in Israel
(SPNI), "In 1998, in anticipation of demand to develop the coastal area, the SPNI and
other nature protection organizations campaigned to protect Israel's precious 200 km of
coastline. Their efforts resulted in the passage of the Coastal Law in 2004, forbidding
development less than 300 meters from the coastline and declaring coastal space as public
property."
There are constant infringements of this law, but the marina project - that would take 500
meters from the sea itself - was the most audacious. And the response was impressive.
The defeat of the marina at Bat Galim was achieved by a strong coalition of organizations.
The SPNI's environmental protection division engineered this coalition by involving
environmental groups, social and academic bodies, surfers and local residents, backed up
by the Technion. In November, 250 marine biologists from the International Congress of
Marine Biologists demanded the preservation of the site. MK Roman Bronfman joined the
campaign by calling on Mayor Yona Yahav to renege his stance on the marina issue.
And the citizens of Haifa turned out in the thousands at events and demonstrations held at
Bat Galim, Central Carmel and other locations. More than 7,000 signatures were collected
in petitions distributed at these demonstrations and through a website.
"We were not opposed to a marina - but not on that site or any other that would close the
beaches to the public," says Fischer.
Alternatives were proposed. The most favored site was the Western Port with access to the
restored German Colony and Bahai Gardens, which would not cause ecological damage.
Another option was the site of the Israel Navy base, which fits in with the IDF's policy of
moving out of prime locations.
"We have managed to introduce a new way of thinking in Haifa's development, by finding
alternatives that do not destroy our natural resources and our environment," says Nir
Papay, who coordinates the SPNI's beach and coast policy.
In December 2005, the National Planning Council accepted the coalition's
recommendations to reject plans to build the marina at Bat Galim and create the Hecht sea
park from Bat Galim toward the Carmel beaches, which will incorporate an archeological
park at Shikmona.
"This campaign was a meeting of ideology and science, research and engineering," says
Fischer, describing the conference on November 22, 2005, sponsored by SPNI at the
Technion on preserving Israel's coastline. Participants included experts from the
Environment Ministry, nature protection societies, KKL-JNF, the Israel Union for
Environmental Defense, marine experts from the Technion and the Oceanographic
Institute, windsurfers, and architects who presented blueprints for building the marina on
alternative sites.
During the period when Amram Mitzna was mayor (1993-2002), several unsightly building
projects were implemented that encroached onto the southern beaches in what had been
open land. Walking along the beach with its magnificent sweep of sand and sea, one views
Mount Carmel as a backdrop. But between the sea and the mountain's lower slopes are
emerging a Legoland of shopping centers, high-rise offices, small rundown factories and
litter.
"This is nothing compared to what is planned for that area," warns Fischer.
Haifa's citizens voted for Yona Yahav in the 2002 municipal elections, and his "green"
track record gave him the majority vote. But he is now sitting on the fence. He did not
actively support building the marina at Bat Galim, but he also did not help the
organizations and individuals campaigning against it.
"There are so many examples where the municipality is shown to be green aesthetically but
not in ideology," says Fischer.
While Yaron Carmi, administrator of the windsurfers' participation in the campaign,
agrees that community effort and the pooling of the NGOs' and scientific institutions'
expertise was an unusually successful act of cooperation, he and his cohorts were
disappointed at the lack of support and involvement from the government bodies whose job
it is to maintain the law and preserve the environment.
Carmi, a surfer and a business administrator specializing in engineering consultancy, said
that as a business enterprise, the marina was not a viable idea. He brought in the experts
who convinced the Haifa Economic Development Corporation that this was the case.
Golan Perry, a computer specialist, designed and engineered the campaign's website
(www.batgalim.org.il), which registered hundreds of visits. Amir Weizman, owner of the
Aquazoom company specializing in aquatic photography, produced dramatic films of the
demonstrations, as well as surfing scenes for the website. Tel Aviv lawyer Doron Hacham,
another surfer, contacted MKs.
"Bat Galim is just not the place for the marina. It's situated at the foot of the hills, and
according to oceanographic experts there would have to be enormous breakwaters
constructed at that point of the bay," says Carmi.
"We expected much more support from the official 'green' bodies," he adds. Telephone
calls and faxes to the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport were unanswered, and
there was little or no involvement from the Environment Ministry, he says.
Yahav actively opposed the marina when Amram Mitzna was mayor and was a good friend
of Shmuel Gelbart, the architect who heads the Green party in Haifa. According to the
surfers, Gelbart did not want to be mayor, but through him they all supported Yahav.
"Gelbart is still helping us, although it makes a lot of problems for him as a member of the
municipal coalition," comments one surfer.
The surfers are puzzled by the mayor's change of loyalties. "The municipality actually tried
to reverse the coast law so that buildings could be constructed nearer the sea," says the
surfer.
Rather than encouraging water sports, the municipal budget for sea education and water
sports through schools has been canceled.
Avrach discovered the plans for the marina in 1992. He was looking for premises for his
start-up company and came upon an advertisement for a two-km complex on the Bat
Galim seafront that included waterfront tower blocks, suites and apartments. The marina
was Mitzna's pet project, but it became obvious that it would not be financially worthwhile.
"A marina is a parking lot for yachts, not a source of tourism," says Avrach. To make it
viable, he says, the project was expanded to include an enormous building that would leave
residents of Bat Galim with a view of brick walls intead of the Mediterranean Sea.
Not only Bat Galim residents are wary of existing building violations. Nobody can miss
what is dubbed locally "hamifletzet" (the monster) - an enormous building on Carmel
Beach constructed as a hotel but is, in effect, an apartment block with some hotel rooms
and facilities. The building is wider and taller than originally licensed, destroying the view
and air flow for local residents. It took a great deal of community pressure to stop the
building of five other similar blocks.
Avrach wears several hats: water sports enthusiast, activist in the local branch of the Green
party Haifa Shelanu, and a board member of Haifa SPNI. In his first round against the
marina project when Mitzna was mayor, he appreciated the support of the environment
ministers of that time, Yossi Sarid and the late Yehudit Naot.
With the change of guard at City Hall in 2002, it was hoped that the marina had been put
on a back burner; but just over a year ago, the plans were reincarnated and buzzwords
such as "Haifa Riviera" were heard again. This time, many more groups were active, and
they worked together efficiently.
"We were ready to fight from the beginning before it became a fait accompli," says
Avrach. "We cannot be sure that the project will not be resurrected again, so we have two
aims: to help relocate the marina and to clean and restore Bat Galim as a beachfront for
everyone. We need to repair the neglect of the past 10 years and create a Riviera without
damage to the environment."
Fischer, a 37-year-old mother of two who grew up in Haifa, believes that a clean
environment reduces violence and crime.
"We agree with the mayor that Haifa needs tourism and also needs to provide facilities for
young people. But the marina will not achieve either of those aims," she concludes.
Wendy Blumfield , THE JERUSALEM POST, 9/2/06
The Haifa municipality's grandiose plans to build a marina and waterfront tower blocks on
the shore of Rosh Hacarmel have been derailed by a rare example of people power. Behind
this achievement is a story of community solidarity: how groups of residents, environment
activists and sports enthusiasts worked together against the might of local and national
governments - and succeeded.
Haifa is a multifaceted city - both beautiful with its mountain forests, kilometers of sandy
beaches and magnificent Bahai gardens, and an ugly mess of industry, pollution and
haphazard construction. Preserving the former and preventing the latter spurred concerned
Haifaites into joining forces with experts in ecology and science, commerce and economics,
architecture and infrastructure to prove that the marina in its proposed location was a bad
idea.
The Rosh Hacarmel coastline is an open stretch of beach from the Maxim restaurant in the
south to Bat Galim, one of the oldest neighborhoods in Haifa. Beyond Bat Galim is Haifa
Bay, a closed area including a naval base, Rambam Hospital, the port and heavy industries.
In recent years, the city's southern beaches have been attractively developed with
promenades, decorative street furniture and children's playgrounds, and their popularity
brought the opening of a few beach caf s and good restaurants. With folk dancing and
open-air shows in good weather, residents of the Carmel make for the southern Dado
beach.
Sandwiched between these popular beaches and Bat Galim is a windswept rocky stretch of
coast, beautiful in its wildness. Hidden from the road, alongside the modern nautical lines
of the Oceanographic and Limnological Institute, is the ancient Tel Shikmona, the ruins of
the Phoenician City - the origins of Haifa.
Windsurfers battle the elements at the curve of the bay, where the wind and waves are
fiercer. By all accounts, this is the best area in Israel for windsurfing.
Over the past 12 years, a master plan emerged to build a marina that would claim 500
meters into the sea on a two-km stretch of the beach.
"Since the marina itself would not be financially viable, the municipality and contractors
intended to attract investment in high-rise tower blocks, with a waterfront outlook and
whose back walls would completely shut off Bat Galim residents from the sea," explains
Ayal Avrach, who lives in a house on the Bat Galim promenade.
Says Ronit Fischer, community director of the Society for the Protection of Nature in Israel
(SPNI), "In 1998, in anticipation of demand to develop the coastal area, the SPNI and
other nature protection organizations campaigned to protect Israel's precious 200 km of
coastline. Their efforts resulted in the passage of the Coastal Law in 2004, forbidding
development less than 300 meters from the coastline and declaring coastal space as public
property."
There are constant infringements of this law, but the marina project - that would take 500
meters from the sea itself - was the most audacious. And the response was impressive.
The defeat of the marina at Bat Galim was achieved by a strong coalition of organizations.
The SPNI's environmental protection division engineered this coalition by involving
environmental groups, social and academic bodies, surfers and local residents, backed up
by the Technion. In November, 250 marine biologists from the International Congress of
Marine Biologists demanded the preservation of the site. MK Roman Bronfman joined the
campaign by calling on Mayor Yona Yahav to renege his stance on the marina issue.
And the citizens of Haifa turned out in the thousands at events and demonstrations held at
Bat Galim, Central Carmel and other locations. More than 7,000 signatures were collected
in petitions distributed at these demonstrations and through a website.
"We were not opposed to a marina - but not on that site or any other that would close the
beaches to the public," says Fischer.
Alternatives were proposed. The most favored site was the Western Port with access to the
restored German Colony and Bahai Gardens, which would not cause ecological damage.
Another option was the site of the Israel Navy base, which fits in with the IDF's policy of
moving out of prime locations.
"We have managed to introduce a new way of thinking in Haifa's development, by finding
alternatives that do not destroy our natural resources and our environment," says Nir
Papay, who coordinates the SPNI's beach and coast policy.
In December 2005, the National Planning Council accepted the coalition's
recommendations to reject plans to build the marina at Bat Galim and create the Hecht sea
park from Bat Galim toward the Carmel beaches, which will incorporate an archeological
park at Shikmona.
"This campaign was a meeting of ideology and science, research and engineering," says
Fischer, describing the conference on November 22, 2005, sponsored by SPNI at the
Technion on preserving Israel's coastline. Participants included experts from the
Environment Ministry, nature protection societies, KKL-JNF, the Israel Union for
Environmental Defense, marine experts from the Technion and the Oceanographic
Institute, windsurfers, and architects who presented blueprints for building the marina on
alternative sites.
During the period when Amram Mitzna was mayor (1993-2002), several unsightly building
projects were implemented that encroached onto the southern beaches in what had been
open land. Walking along the beach with its magnificent sweep of sand and sea, one views
Mount Carmel as a backdrop. But between the sea and the mountain's lower slopes are
emerging a Legoland of shopping centers, high-rise offices, small rundown factories and
litter.
"This is nothing compared to what is planned for that area," warns Fischer.
Haifa's citizens voted for Yona Yahav in the 2002 municipal elections, and his "green"
track record gave him the majority vote. But he is now sitting on the fence. He did not
actively support building the marina at Bat Galim, but he also did not help the
organizations and individuals campaigning against it.
"There are so many examples where the municipality is shown to be green aesthetically but
not in ideology," says Fischer.
While Yaron Carmi, administrator of the windsurfers' participation in the campaign,
agrees that community effort and the pooling of the NGOs' and scientific institutions'
expertise was an unusually successful act of cooperation, he and his cohorts were
disappointed at the lack of support and involvement from the government bodies whose job
it is to maintain the law and preserve the environment.
Carmi, a surfer and a business administrator specializing in engineering consultancy, said
that as a business enterprise, the marina was not a viable idea. He brought in the experts
who convinced the Haifa Economic Development Corporation that this was the case.
Golan Perry, a computer specialist, designed and engineered the campaign's website
(www.batgalim.org.il), which registered hundreds of visits. Amir Weizman, owner of the
Aquazoom company specializing in aquatic photography, produced dramatic films of the
demonstrations, as well as surfing scenes for the website. Tel Aviv lawyer Doron Hacham,
another surfer, contacted MKs.
"Bat Galim is just not the place for the marina. It's situated at the foot of the hills, and
according to oceanographic experts there would have to be enormous breakwaters
constructed at that point of the bay," says Carmi.
"We expected much more support from the official 'green' bodies," he adds. Telephone
calls and faxes to the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport were unanswered, and
there was little or no involvement from the Environment Ministry, he says.
Yahav actively opposed the marina when Amram Mitzna was mayor and was a good friend
of Shmuel Gelbart, the architect who heads the Green party in Haifa. According to the
surfers, Gelbart did not want to be mayor, but through him they all supported Yahav.
"Gelbart is still helping us, although it makes a lot of problems for him as a member of the
municipal coalition," comments one surfer.
The surfers are puzzled by the mayor's change of loyalties. "The municipality actually tried
to reverse the coast law so that buildings could be constructed nearer the sea," says the
surfer.
Rather than encouraging water sports, the municipal budget for sea education and water
sports through schools has been canceled.
Avrach discovered the plans for the marina in 1992. He was looking for premises for his
start-up company and came upon an advertisement for a two-km complex on the Bat
Galim seafront that included waterfront tower blocks, suites and apartments. The marina
was Mitzna's pet project, but it became obvious that it would not be financially worthwhile.
"A marina is a parking lot for yachts, not a source of tourism," says Avrach. To make it
viable, he says, the project was expanded to include an enormous building that would leave
residents of Bat Galim with a view of brick walls intead of the Mediterranean Sea.
Not only Bat Galim residents are wary of existing building violations. Nobody can miss
what is dubbed locally "hamifletzet" (the monster) - an enormous building on Carmel
Beach constructed as a hotel but is, in effect, an apartment block with some hotel rooms
and facilities. The building is wider and taller than originally licensed, destroying the view
and air flow for local residents. It took a great deal of community pressure to stop the
building of five other similar blocks.
Avrach wears several hats: water sports enthusiast, activist in the local branch of the Green
party Haifa Shelanu, and a board member of Haifa SPNI. In his first round against the
marina project when Mitzna was mayor, he appreciated the support of the environment
ministers of that time, Yossi Sarid and the late Yehudit Naot.
With the change of guard at City Hall in 2002, it was hoped that the marina had been put
on a back burner; but just over a year ago, the plans were reincarnated and buzzwords
such as "Haifa Riviera" were heard again. This time, many more groups were active, and
they worked together efficiently.
"We were ready to fight from the beginning before it became a fait accompli," says
Avrach. "We cannot be sure that the project will not be resurrected again, so we have two
aims: to help relocate the marina and to clean and restore Bat Galim as a beachfront for
everyone. We need to repair the neglect of the past 10 years and create a Riviera without
damage to the environment."
Fischer, a 37-year-old mother of two who grew up in Haifa, believes that a clean
environment reduces violence and crime.
"We agree with the mayor that Haifa needs tourism and also needs to provide facilities for
young people. But the marina will not achieve either of those aims," she concludes.
Mosaique et taureau trouves a Shikmona
Mosaics and bull found at the Shikmona archeological site
Mosaics and bull found at the Shikmona archeological site
Le site de Shikmona etait deja habite des le 16eme siecle avant
notre ere, et au temps du retour des Juifs de l'Exil de Babylone
notre ere, et au temps du retour des Juifs de l'Exil de Babylone
Shikmona and its Treasures at the Haifa Maritime Museum
May 17, 2008
Curator: Avshalom Zemer
Tel Shikmona, extending over eight dunams, has revealed some very rich archaeological finds,
shedding light on the settlement's ongoing existence from the Late Canaanite era (15th century BCE)
up to the Early Muslim era (7th century CE). Some 2100 years of history thus find expression in the
wealth of material findings, evidence of trading connections with the Mediterranean lands.
Tel Shikmona (Arabic: Tel a-Samakh; "Hill of the Fishes") is situated on the coast, approximately
1.3 kilometres southwest of the Carmel Point. It was constructed on a shallow, dry stratum of gravel.
Geographically, it lies on a rocky stretch of coast that did not allow construction of a port nearby, and
the nearest anchorage seems to have been to the south, near Kfar Samir. The area surround the Tel
used as the agricultural section of the town. The rivers flowing down the Carmel provided most of the
fresh water for the city, and orchards were also planted on those slopes. East of the Tel, on the side of
the mountain, is the burial ground, in which 22 burial installations were found, most of them close
together. Except for one tomb that pre-dates the others, all are from the Roman-Byzantine period (3rd
- 6th centuries CE). The earlier burial is dated to the Middle Canaanite IIB era (1750-1550 BCE). On
the outskirts of the Tel, remains of a Byzantine city have also been found.
Some superficial excavations were undertaken in 1963-1969 under the auspices of the Haifa
Municipal Museum of Ancient Art, and directed by Dr. Josef Elgavish.
The earliest settlement at Shikmona is from the Late Canaanite I era (15th century BCE), and was
probably created by the Egyptians, initially as a rearguard for their military base at Beth Shean. Over
time, the base was transformed into a civilian settlement. Dwellings and public buildings have been
excavated, containing local wares as well as imports from Cyprus and Greece, ivory and faience
items, and seals. The archaeological findings from this period indicate lively trading with Greece and
Cyprus, and the influence of the Egyptian culture.
From the various Israelite periods (12th - 6th centuries BCE), eight layers of settlement have been
excavated. From the era of the Kingdom, remnants of the city wall, parts of oil presses, storage rooms
and dwellings, locally made pottery, imported wares and figurines were discovered.
In the Persian period (6th - 4th centuries BCE), Shikmona was administered by the Phoenician city of
Tyre, and expanded from a small settlement to a large, well-planned city. A residential quarter has
been uncovered, in which were found pottery and stone vessels, weapons, jewellery and other items.
At the close of that era, the city was fortified and housing was apparently re-located round the base of
the Tel.
In the Hellenistic era (4th - 1st centuries BCE) another fortification was constructed at the site, in
which the main findings were large storage rooms containing amphorae with Greek seals and other
items. During the
Roman period (1st century BCE - 4th century CE) a fortress was constructed on the site, which was
used during the Jewish Revolt, and of which a few remains are still apparent.
In the Byzantine era (4th - 7th centuries CE) the city mainly covered the area around the Tel. This
was where the residential and industrial quarters, public buildings and an industrial installation were
found. Many of the buildings were floored with mosaic, and were scattered with pottery, bronze, and
ivory vessels. The remains of a fire are also evident, witness to the sudden destruction of the site. At
the apex of the Tel, the remains of a Byzantine villa destroyed during the Arab conquest in 638 CE
were found. Above this were the foundations of a building from the Early Muslim era.
The origin of the name "Shikmona" is not known, but may be derived from the sycamore tree. The
meaning of the Greek "sycamina" is "the fruit of the mulberry tree" and may be connected with the
Persian black mulberry which was imported much earlier from the Chinese mulberry. The first
reference to Shikmona is in Flavius Josephus's (37-100 CE) "History of the Jews" (13: 332), which
describes how the forces of Ptolemy IX Lathyrus, King of Egypt landed at Shikmona to take part in
the battle for Acre against Alexander Yannai in 103 BCE. Shikmona is also mentioned in the
Babylonian Talmud and by Christian travellers of the time. From these sources we learn about the
city's large Jewish population, while the burial ground also bears witness to the pagan and Christian
inhabitants.
The Arabic name - Tel a-Samakh - is probably connected to the good fishing grounds there. The
water at that point is shallow and the sea-bed is rocky, attractive to fish and fishermen alike.
May 17, 2008
Curator: Avshalom Zemer
Tel Shikmona, extending over eight dunams, has revealed some very rich archaeological finds,
shedding light on the settlement's ongoing existence from the Late Canaanite era (15th century BCE)
up to the Early Muslim era (7th century CE). Some 2100 years of history thus find expression in the
wealth of material findings, evidence of trading connections with the Mediterranean lands.
Tel Shikmona (Arabic: Tel a-Samakh; "Hill of the Fishes") is situated on the coast, approximately
1.3 kilometres southwest of the Carmel Point. It was constructed on a shallow, dry stratum of gravel.
Geographically, it lies on a rocky stretch of coast that did not allow construction of a port nearby, and
the nearest anchorage seems to have been to the south, near Kfar Samir. The area surround the Tel
used as the agricultural section of the town. The rivers flowing down the Carmel provided most of the
fresh water for the city, and orchards were also planted on those slopes. East of the Tel, on the side of
the mountain, is the burial ground, in which 22 burial installations were found, most of them close
together. Except for one tomb that pre-dates the others, all are from the Roman-Byzantine period (3rd
- 6th centuries CE). The earlier burial is dated to the Middle Canaanite IIB era (1750-1550 BCE). On
the outskirts of the Tel, remains of a Byzantine city have also been found.
Some superficial excavations were undertaken in 1963-1969 under the auspices of the Haifa
Municipal Museum of Ancient Art, and directed by Dr. Josef Elgavish.
The earliest settlement at Shikmona is from the Late Canaanite I era (15th century BCE), and was
probably created by the Egyptians, initially as a rearguard for their military base at Beth Shean. Over
time, the base was transformed into a civilian settlement. Dwellings and public buildings have been
excavated, containing local wares as well as imports from Cyprus and Greece, ivory and faience
items, and seals. The archaeological findings from this period indicate lively trading with Greece and
Cyprus, and the influence of the Egyptian culture.
From the various Israelite periods (12th - 6th centuries BCE), eight layers of settlement have been
excavated. From the era of the Kingdom, remnants of the city wall, parts of oil presses, storage rooms
and dwellings, locally made pottery, imported wares and figurines were discovered.
In the Persian period (6th - 4th centuries BCE), Shikmona was administered by the Phoenician city of
Tyre, and expanded from a small settlement to a large, well-planned city. A residential quarter has
been uncovered, in which were found pottery and stone vessels, weapons, jewellery and other items.
At the close of that era, the city was fortified and housing was apparently re-located round the base of
the Tel.
In the Hellenistic era (4th - 1st centuries BCE) another fortification was constructed at the site, in
which the main findings were large storage rooms containing amphorae with Greek seals and other
items. During the
Roman period (1st century BCE - 4th century CE) a fortress was constructed on the site, which was
used during the Jewish Revolt, and of which a few remains are still apparent.
In the Byzantine era (4th - 7th centuries CE) the city mainly covered the area around the Tel. This
was where the residential and industrial quarters, public buildings and an industrial installation were
found. Many of the buildings were floored with mosaic, and were scattered with pottery, bronze, and
ivory vessels. The remains of a fire are also evident, witness to the sudden destruction of the site. At
the apex of the Tel, the remains of a Byzantine villa destroyed during the Arab conquest in 638 CE
were found. Above this were the foundations of a building from the Early Muslim era.
The origin of the name "Shikmona" is not known, but may be derived from the sycamore tree. The
meaning of the Greek "sycamina" is "the fruit of the mulberry tree" and may be connected with the
Persian black mulberry which was imported much earlier from the Chinese mulberry. The first
reference to Shikmona is in Flavius Josephus's (37-100 CE) "History of the Jews" (13: 332), which
describes how the forces of Ptolemy IX Lathyrus, King of Egypt landed at Shikmona to take part in
the battle for Acre against Alexander Yannai in 103 BCE. Shikmona is also mentioned in the
Babylonian Talmud and by Christian travellers of the time. From these sources we learn about the
city's large Jewish population, while the burial ground also bears witness to the pagan and Christian
inhabitants.
The Arabic name - Tel a-Samakh - is probably connected to the good fishing grounds there. The
water at that point is shallow and the sea-bed is rocky, attractive to fish and fishermen alike.
Sycaminos
Photos Arnaud Rodrigue
Beit Scandinavia, founded by Lilly and Thorvald Tånsberg, a home for
Scandinavians visiting Israel and a place of social help and of friendship in Haifa
Beit Scandinavia, fondee par Lilly and Thorvald Tånsberg, une maison pour les
Scandinaves qui visitent Israel, un lieu d'aide sociale et d'amitie a Haifa
Scandinavians visiting Israel and a place of social help and of friendship in Haifa
Beit Scandinavia, fondee par Lilly and Thorvald Tånsberg, une maison pour les
Scandinaves qui visitent Israel, un lieu d'aide sociale et d'amitie a Haifa
1 The cable Parking for cars and beginning of the track.
2 Camp of immigrants
3 Veterans housing (the Jewish Brigade) and the community
garden
4 Beit Scandinavia
5 Victor Cohen House
6 Hamawi House
8 Beit Haas
9 The Casino
10 Sderot Bat - Galim
11 Nahalal 16
12 The Central Synagogue
13 The Windmill At Aliyah Shnyia 20/22. A Templar
building which ha
14 The Monastery of St. Joseph
15 The former Carmelite convent
16 The Rambam Medical Center
2 Camp of immigrants
3 Veterans housing (the Jewish Brigade) and the community
garden
4 Beit Scandinavia
5 Victor Cohen House
6 Hamawi House
8 Beit Haas
9 The Casino
10 Sderot Bat - Galim
11 Nahalal 16
12 The Central Synagogue
13 The Windmill At Aliyah Shnyia 20/22. A Templar
building which ha
14 The Monastery of St. Joseph
15 The former Carmelite convent
16 The Rambam Medical Center
1 Le téléphérique Parking pour les voitures et début de la piste
2 Camp des immigrants
3 Logement des anciens combattants (de la Brigade Juive) et
jardin communautaire
4 Beit Scandinavia
5 Maison Victor Cohen
6 Maison Hamawi
7 Beit Margolin
8 Beit Haas
9 Le Casino
10 Sderot Bat - Galim
11 Nahalal 16
12 La Synagogue centrale
13 Le Moulin à vent
14 Le Monastère de Saint-Joseph
15 L’ancien couvent des Carmes
16 Le Centre Médical Rambam
2 Camp des immigrants
3 Logement des anciens combattants (de la Brigade Juive) et
jardin communautaire
4 Beit Scandinavia
5 Maison Victor Cohen
6 Maison Hamawi
7 Beit Margolin
8 Beit Haas
9 Le Casino
10 Sderot Bat - Galim
11 Nahalal 16
12 La Synagogue centrale
13 Le Moulin à vent
14 Le Monastère de Saint-Joseph
15 L’ancien couvent des Carmes
16 Le Centre Médical Rambam
Un quartier négligé Haïfa revient sous les projecteurs - pour le
meilleur ou pour le pire
par Keshet Rosenblum de Haaretz 14/2/2013
La vague de construction sur le rivage de Haïfa soulève des
inquiétudes parmi les résidents et les défenseurs du patrimoine.
Quatrième et dernier article d'une série sur la préservation de
Haïfa.
Construction a Bat Galim: Une question de conflit
Le quartier de Bat Galim à Haïfa a été depuis de nombreuses
années victime de négligence, d'abandon, et, par conséquent,
de criminalité. Et cela bien que Bat Galim soit située à côté d’
une plage, l'une des ressources plus recherchées en Israël. Les
Britanniques ont fait une énorme erreur quand ils ont construit
les voies ferrées à l'est du quartier, le coupant du reste de la
ville. "Quand je suis arrivé en Israël il y a 35 ans de Grèce, je
ne pouvais pas comprendre comment un tel quartier était sous-
développé», a déclaré Paulina Leshniak, une architecte et
résidente de Haïfa. "Dans tous les Etats méditerranéens, les
plages sont bien développées et recherchées, mais ici, de tous
les lieux, c'est la désolation."
Bat Galim a plus qu'une plage, car elle s’enorgueillit d’une
histoire respectable de planification. Selon l'architecte Zvi
Skolnik, qui réside à Bat Galim depuis plus de 40 ans, le
quartier est un «inventaire de l'histoire du logement public", à
commencer par les logements construits pour les soldats
britanniques qui sont maintenant désignées pour la
conservation. L’agencement du quartier a été planifié en 1922
par Richard Kauffmann, et ses premières maisons ont été
planifiées par des architectes tels qu’Alexander Baerwald, qui
a conçu le campus du Technion, et Joseph Barsky, qui a conçu
le célèbre Gymnase Herzliya - deux des principaux architectes
de la "Période d'Israël" du siècle précédent. Les premières
maisons sont rejointes par des structures plus modernes qui
ont été construites plus tard, ainsi que des constructions des
Templiers qui étaient déjà là. À la fin du Boulevard Bat Galim,
tout près de l'eau, se dresse le Casino Bat Galim abandonné,
construit dans les années 1930.
Malgré l’impressionnant registre architectural et culturel,
aucune planification n’a été organisée pour le quartier depuis
que les Britanniques ont quitté le pays, et ses maisons sont
abandonnées et se détériorent. Ces dernières années,
cependant, même si la situation sur le terrain ne le montre que
partiellement, Bat Galim a vu une vague de construction et de
rénovation sans précédent. Selon Ariel Wasserman ingénieur
de la ville, la nouvelle activité découle d'un projet destiné à
rénover les parties communes et l'infrastructure qui a été
réalisée il y a cinq ans, et qui a été un «élément déclencheur
pour les entrepreneurs." Cependant, le renouvellement et la
construction massive planifiée ont suscité des inquiétudes
parmi les résidents anciens du quartier, les sociétés de
préservation et d'histoire même. Ils ont peur de "monstres a
huit étages ", selon Naama Neeman-Mizrahi, de la Société
pour la Préservation des Sites du Patrimoine Israéliens, qui a
déclaré qu'ils devraient être construits dans une ligne située
derrière les bâtiments historiques. «Ce n'est pas seulement
laid, mais surtout problématique en termes de composition,"
dit-elle.
Histoire effacée
Entre 1992 et 1994, une enquête approfondie sur la
conservation a été menée par le Dr Ziva Colondi, commandée
par le comité de la préservation de la ville. "Une telle enquête
de grande qualité n'a pas été faite pour la plus grande partie de
Haïfa», a déclaré Skolnik. "Vous avez déjà fait une enquête,
alors utilisez la, faites la arriver à ses fins,» a-t-il exhorté.
Skolnik estime que l'enquête, qui a déterminé que 29 structures
dans cinq domaines différents doivent être préservées, n’est
«que le début."
"La première chose qui doit être faite après une telle enquête
est de préparer les fichiers de documentation pour chacune des
structures", a déclaré l'architecte. Il ajoute que même s'il y a
une audience pour chaque cas de construction d'un bâtiment
désigné pour la conservation », l'audience est tout sauf une
audience de conservation. Au lieu d'une enquête de
préservation, on devrait demander la présentation d'un plan
graphique en trois dimensions pour tout projet : le plus
d'informations, le mieux c'est, et il pourrait être décidé selon
les plans si la construction est conforme à la préservation ou
non. "
"A Haïfa, il y a un problème de conservation», reconnaît Eli
Liran de la Société Historique de Haïfa. «Je peine à
comprendre les considérations de la Municipalité." Liran, qui
étudie les structures construites par Baerwald, décrit certaines
structures qui semblent avoir échappé à l'enquête, et sont
vouées à la démolition. Parmi celles-ci, se trouve la maison de
la famille Menderly sur la rue Margolin. «Ce quartier est plein
d'une histoire riche, et elle est en train de disparaître", a
déclaré Liran. «Même si je ne suis pas architecte, et si je n’
exprime pas mon opinion, bonne ou mauvaise, je pense qu'il
est important de commémorer le passé, et dans ce cas ils
l'effacent. C'est ainsi que des connaissances acquises depuis
des décennies se perdent. "
La Société pour la Préservation des Sites du Patrimoine
Israélien voit un autre problème dans le travail de la
Municipalité de Haïfa. «Il n'existe pas de directives détaillées
pour le quartier, un problème que nous avons déjà rencontré
au Carmel Français, ainsi dans d'autres quartiers de Haïfa où
des enquêtes de conservation ont été menées», a déclaré
Neeman-Mizrahi.
Comme nous l’avons mentionné précédemment, la
contribution de la Municipalité de Haïfa au renouvellement de
Bat Galim est loin d'être négligeable. Le Casino Bat Galim
subit d'importantes rénovations, de même que le vieux kiosque
abandonné en face du casino sur la fin du Boulevard de Bat
Galim. «La préservation ici, c'est comme l'acupuncture", a
déclaré Wasserman. Il a salué les «pionniers», des
entrepreneurs qui ont acheté des appartements dans le
quartier, et rejette les allégations des préservationistes en
soulignant que toute personne qui souhaite rénover un
bâtiment désigné pour la conservation doit soumettre un
dossier détaille et organisé. Le bureau d'architecture Leshniak
travaille actuellement sur 14 parcelles dans le quartier, et la
construction débutera bientôt dans certaines d'entre elles,
tandis que d'autres sont à des stades avancés de réception de
permis.
Leshniak a expliqué que le type de projet varie, il y a quelques
ajouts à structures conservées, il y a de nouveaux bâtiments et
de nouveaux projets entrepris dans le cadre du plan national
pour le renforcement des structures contre les tremblements de
terre.
«Je crois que toutes les facettes de Bat Galim seront
complètement différentes dans trois ans», a-t-elle dit. "Il y a
une demande énorme, et les gens voient cet endroit comme un
duplicata de Herzliya Pituach, de la promenade de Jaffa."
Selon Leshniak, la Municipalité de Haïfa tente d'accélérer le
processus de construction avec les différentes autorités, y
compris le Comité du Ministère de l'Intérieur pour la
Préservation du Littoral, qui doit approuver tout projet spécial
dans la région en raison de sa proximité avec la mer. La
plupart des nouvelles structures sont des maisons, avec des
grandes fenêtres, des pergolas et des parapets en verre. Il est
difficile d'écarter l'idée que les zones ont été coupées de la ville
afin de devenir une sorte de village de vacances.
Opportunités et obstacles
Mise à part le facteur architectural et esthétique, on peut
s'interroger sur les futurs principes et les nouvelles personnes
qui vivront dans la région. Les nouveaux projets, au moins le
premier d'entre eux, ont été construits comme appartements
"investissement", avec pour chacun une superficie de 50 m2.
Selon Skolnik, ceci est un signe de mauvais augure. «La
Municipalité n'aide pas et même exacerbe les problèmes de
logements abordables pour les familles. Une école élémentaire,
qui recevait 200 élèves il y a 10 ans, en a maintenant moins de
la moitié. C'est plus une lumière rouge que du plâtre s'effrite,
"a-t-il dit.
Skolnik estime que la conservation physique des structures
devrait être un objectif secondaire aux côtés de la
réhabilitation de la qualité de vie dans ce qui devrait être un
quartier résidentiel qui fonctionne bien. L’emplacement
exceptionnel de Bat Galim la situe au centre de nombreux
débats publics, comme ceux sur l’énergie nécessaire pour le
train, la construction d'une nouvelle promenade, le rejet des
eaux usées dans la mer, et la structure qui sera finalement
construite sur l'ancienne gare routière de la compagnie Egged.
Malgré tout cela, le renouvellement du quartier offre beaucoup
de nouvelles opportunités, mais aussi de nombreux obstacles
dans la planification, ce qui pourrait déterminer son destin.
meilleur ou pour le pire
par Keshet Rosenblum de Haaretz 14/2/2013
La vague de construction sur le rivage de Haïfa soulève des
inquiétudes parmi les résidents et les défenseurs du patrimoine.
Quatrième et dernier article d'une série sur la préservation de
Haïfa.
Construction a Bat Galim: Une question de conflit
Le quartier de Bat Galim à Haïfa a été depuis de nombreuses
années victime de négligence, d'abandon, et, par conséquent,
de criminalité. Et cela bien que Bat Galim soit située à côté d’
une plage, l'une des ressources plus recherchées en Israël. Les
Britanniques ont fait une énorme erreur quand ils ont construit
les voies ferrées à l'est du quartier, le coupant du reste de la
ville. "Quand je suis arrivé en Israël il y a 35 ans de Grèce, je
ne pouvais pas comprendre comment un tel quartier était sous-
développé», a déclaré Paulina Leshniak, une architecte et
résidente de Haïfa. "Dans tous les Etats méditerranéens, les
plages sont bien développées et recherchées, mais ici, de tous
les lieux, c'est la désolation."
Bat Galim a plus qu'une plage, car elle s’enorgueillit d’une
histoire respectable de planification. Selon l'architecte Zvi
Skolnik, qui réside à Bat Galim depuis plus de 40 ans, le
quartier est un «inventaire de l'histoire du logement public", à
commencer par les logements construits pour les soldats
britanniques qui sont maintenant désignées pour la
conservation. L’agencement du quartier a été planifié en 1922
par Richard Kauffmann, et ses premières maisons ont été
planifiées par des architectes tels qu’Alexander Baerwald, qui
a conçu le campus du Technion, et Joseph Barsky, qui a conçu
le célèbre Gymnase Herzliya - deux des principaux architectes
de la "Période d'Israël" du siècle précédent. Les premières
maisons sont rejointes par des structures plus modernes qui
ont été construites plus tard, ainsi que des constructions des
Templiers qui étaient déjà là. À la fin du Boulevard Bat Galim,
tout près de l'eau, se dresse le Casino Bat Galim abandonné,
construit dans les années 1930.
Malgré l’impressionnant registre architectural et culturel,
aucune planification n’a été organisée pour le quartier depuis
que les Britanniques ont quitté le pays, et ses maisons sont
abandonnées et se détériorent. Ces dernières années,
cependant, même si la situation sur le terrain ne le montre que
partiellement, Bat Galim a vu une vague de construction et de
rénovation sans précédent. Selon Ariel Wasserman ingénieur
de la ville, la nouvelle activité découle d'un projet destiné à
rénover les parties communes et l'infrastructure qui a été
réalisée il y a cinq ans, et qui a été un «élément déclencheur
pour les entrepreneurs." Cependant, le renouvellement et la
construction massive planifiée ont suscité des inquiétudes
parmi les résidents anciens du quartier, les sociétés de
préservation et d'histoire même. Ils ont peur de "monstres a
huit étages ", selon Naama Neeman-Mizrahi, de la Société
pour la Préservation des Sites du Patrimoine Israéliens, qui a
déclaré qu'ils devraient être construits dans une ligne située
derrière les bâtiments historiques. «Ce n'est pas seulement
laid, mais surtout problématique en termes de composition,"
dit-elle.
Histoire effacée
Entre 1992 et 1994, une enquête approfondie sur la
conservation a été menée par le Dr Ziva Colondi, commandée
par le comité de la préservation de la ville. "Une telle enquête
de grande qualité n'a pas été faite pour la plus grande partie de
Haïfa», a déclaré Skolnik. "Vous avez déjà fait une enquête,
alors utilisez la, faites la arriver à ses fins,» a-t-il exhorté.
Skolnik estime que l'enquête, qui a déterminé que 29 structures
dans cinq domaines différents doivent être préservées, n’est
«que le début."
"La première chose qui doit être faite après une telle enquête
est de préparer les fichiers de documentation pour chacune des
structures", a déclaré l'architecte. Il ajoute que même s'il y a
une audience pour chaque cas de construction d'un bâtiment
désigné pour la conservation », l'audience est tout sauf une
audience de conservation. Au lieu d'une enquête de
préservation, on devrait demander la présentation d'un plan
graphique en trois dimensions pour tout projet : le plus
d'informations, le mieux c'est, et il pourrait être décidé selon
les plans si la construction est conforme à la préservation ou
non. "
"A Haïfa, il y a un problème de conservation», reconnaît Eli
Liran de la Société Historique de Haïfa. «Je peine à
comprendre les considérations de la Municipalité." Liran, qui
étudie les structures construites par Baerwald, décrit certaines
structures qui semblent avoir échappé à l'enquête, et sont
vouées à la démolition. Parmi celles-ci, se trouve la maison de
la famille Menderly sur la rue Margolin. «Ce quartier est plein
d'une histoire riche, et elle est en train de disparaître", a
déclaré Liran. «Même si je ne suis pas architecte, et si je n’
exprime pas mon opinion, bonne ou mauvaise, je pense qu'il
est important de commémorer le passé, et dans ce cas ils
l'effacent. C'est ainsi que des connaissances acquises depuis
des décennies se perdent. "
La Société pour la Préservation des Sites du Patrimoine
Israélien voit un autre problème dans le travail de la
Municipalité de Haïfa. «Il n'existe pas de directives détaillées
pour le quartier, un problème que nous avons déjà rencontré
au Carmel Français, ainsi dans d'autres quartiers de Haïfa où
des enquêtes de conservation ont été menées», a déclaré
Neeman-Mizrahi.
Comme nous l’avons mentionné précédemment, la
contribution de la Municipalité de Haïfa au renouvellement de
Bat Galim est loin d'être négligeable. Le Casino Bat Galim
subit d'importantes rénovations, de même que le vieux kiosque
abandonné en face du casino sur la fin du Boulevard de Bat
Galim. «La préservation ici, c'est comme l'acupuncture", a
déclaré Wasserman. Il a salué les «pionniers», des
entrepreneurs qui ont acheté des appartements dans le
quartier, et rejette les allégations des préservationistes en
soulignant que toute personne qui souhaite rénover un
bâtiment désigné pour la conservation doit soumettre un
dossier détaille et organisé. Le bureau d'architecture Leshniak
travaille actuellement sur 14 parcelles dans le quartier, et la
construction débutera bientôt dans certaines d'entre elles,
tandis que d'autres sont à des stades avancés de réception de
permis.
Leshniak a expliqué que le type de projet varie, il y a quelques
ajouts à structures conservées, il y a de nouveaux bâtiments et
de nouveaux projets entrepris dans le cadre du plan national
pour le renforcement des structures contre les tremblements de
terre.
«Je crois que toutes les facettes de Bat Galim seront
complètement différentes dans trois ans», a-t-elle dit. "Il y a
une demande énorme, et les gens voient cet endroit comme un
duplicata de Herzliya Pituach, de la promenade de Jaffa."
Selon Leshniak, la Municipalité de Haïfa tente d'accélérer le
processus de construction avec les différentes autorités, y
compris le Comité du Ministère de l'Intérieur pour la
Préservation du Littoral, qui doit approuver tout projet spécial
dans la région en raison de sa proximité avec la mer. La
plupart des nouvelles structures sont des maisons, avec des
grandes fenêtres, des pergolas et des parapets en verre. Il est
difficile d'écarter l'idée que les zones ont été coupées de la ville
afin de devenir une sorte de village de vacances.
Opportunités et obstacles
Mise à part le facteur architectural et esthétique, on peut
s'interroger sur les futurs principes et les nouvelles personnes
qui vivront dans la région. Les nouveaux projets, au moins le
premier d'entre eux, ont été construits comme appartements
"investissement", avec pour chacun une superficie de 50 m2.
Selon Skolnik, ceci est un signe de mauvais augure. «La
Municipalité n'aide pas et même exacerbe les problèmes de
logements abordables pour les familles. Une école élémentaire,
qui recevait 200 élèves il y a 10 ans, en a maintenant moins de
la moitié. C'est plus une lumière rouge que du plâtre s'effrite,
"a-t-il dit.
Skolnik estime que la conservation physique des structures
devrait être un objectif secondaire aux côtés de la
réhabilitation de la qualité de vie dans ce qui devrait être un
quartier résidentiel qui fonctionne bien. L’emplacement
exceptionnel de Bat Galim la situe au centre de nombreux
débats publics, comme ceux sur l’énergie nécessaire pour le
train, la construction d'une nouvelle promenade, le rejet des
eaux usées dans la mer, et la structure qui sera finalement
construite sur l'ancienne gare routière de la compagnie Egged.
Malgré tout cela, le renouvellement du quartier offre beaucoup
de nouvelles opportunités, mais aussi de nombreux obstacles
dans la planification, ce qui pourrait déterminer son destin.
Neglected Haifa neighborhood is back in the limelight - but for
better or worse
by Keshet Rosenblum, from Haaretz, 14/2/13
The wave of construction in the seaside Haifa raises concerns
among residents and preservationists. Fourth and last article in
a series about preservation in Haifa.
Construction in Bat Galim: A matter of dispute
The Bat Galim neighborhood in Haifa has for many years been
a victim of neglect, abandonment, and as a result, crime. All of
this is in spite of Bat Galim's being situated next to one of the
most sought after resources in Israel - the beach. The British
made a tremendous mistake when they built train tracks east of
the neighborhood, effectively cutting it off from the rest of the
city. "When I arrived in Israel 35 years ago from Greece, I
could not understand how such a neighborhood was
undeveloped," said Paulina Leshniak, an architect and Haifa
resident. "In all Mediterranean states, the beaches are well
developed and sought after, but here, of all places, it's desolate."
Bat Galim has more than a beach, as it boasts a respectable
planning history as well. According to architect Zvi Skolnik, a
Bat Galim resident for over 40 years, the neighborhood is an
"inventory of public housing history," beginning with housing
built for British soldiers that is now designated for preservation.
The layout of the neighborhood was planned in 1922 by Richard
Kauffmann, and its first houses were planned by architects
including Alexander Baerwald, who designed the Technion
University campus, and Joseph Barsky, who designed the
famous Herzliya Gymnasium - two of the leading architects
from the "Israeli Period" of the previous century. Those first
houses are joined by more modern structures that were built
later, as well as Templar structures that were already there. At
the end of Bat Galim Boulevard, right on the water, stands the
abandoned Casino Bat Galim, built in the 1930s.
Despite the impressive architectural and cultural range, no
organized planning has been penned for the neighborhood since
the British left the country, and its houses are abandoned and
deteriorating. In recent years, however, even if the situation on
the ground only partially shows it, Bat Galim has seen an
unprecedented wave of construction and renewal. According to
city engineer Ariel Wasserman, the new activity stemmed from
a project meant to renovate public areas and infrastructure that
was carried out five years ago, and was a "trigger for
entrepreneurs." However, the renewal and planned massive
construction have caused concern among the neighborhood's
veteran residents, preservation societies and history buffs alike.
They're afraid of "eight-story monsters," according to Naama
Neeman-Mizrahi, from The Society for Preservation of Israeli
Heritage Sites, who stated that they should be built in a line
behind the historical structures. "It's not only ugly, but
primarily problematic in terms of composition," she said.
History erased
Between 1992 and 1994, a comprehensive conservation survey
was conducted by Dr. Ziva Colondi, commissioned by the city's
preservation committee. "Such a high-quality survey was not
done for most of Haifa," said Skolnik. "You've already done a
survey, so utilize it, make it happen," he urged. Skolnik believes
that the survey, which determines that 29 structures in five
different areas should be preserved, is "just the beginning."
"The first thing that must be done after such a survey is to
prepare documentation files for each of the structures," said the
architect. He adds that even though there is a hearing for every
case of construction on a building designated for preservation,
"the hearing is anything but a preservation hearing. Instead of
a preservation survey, submission of a three-dimensional
graphic plan for any project should be demanded, the more
information the better, and according to the plans, it can be
decided if construction is in line with preservation or not."
"In Haifa, there is a problem of preservation," agrees Eli Liran
from the Haifa Historical Society. "I hardly understand the
municipality's considerations." Liran, who studies the
structures built by Baerwald, describes some structures that
seemed to have escaped the survey, and are slated for
demolition. Among them is the house of the Menderly family on
Margolin Street. "This neighborhood is full of rich history, and
it is being lost," said Liran. "Even though I'm not an architect,
and I'm not expressing my opinion if its good or bad, I think it
is important to commemorate the past, and in this case they're
erasing it. That's how decades-old knowledge gets lost."
The Society for Preservation of Israeli Heritage Sites sees
another problem in the Haifa municipality's work. "There are
no comprehensive guidelines for the area, which is a problem
we've encountered in French Carmel, as well other Haifa
neighborhoods in which preservation surveys were conducted,"
said Neeman-Mizrahi.
As mentioned earlier, the Haifa municipality's contribution to
renewal in Bat Galim is by no means negligible. Casino Bat
Galim is undergoing extensive renovations, as is the old
abandoned kiosk facing the casino on the end of Bat Galim
Boulevard. "The preservation here is like acupuncture," said
Wasserman. He praised the "pioneering" entrepreneurs who
purchased apartments in the area, and rejects preservationist
claims by pointing out that anyone who wishes to renovate a
building designated for preservation must submit a file with
organized documentation. Leshniak's architecture office is
currently dealing with 14 plots in the neighborhood, and
construction will begin in some of them soon, while others are
in advanced stages of receiving permits.
Leshniak explained that the type of project varies; there are
some additions to preserved structures, there are new buildings,
and new projects undertaken within the framework of the
national plan to strengthen structures against earthquakes.
"I believe that every facet of Bat Galim will be completely
different within three years," she said. "There is huge demand,
and people see this place as a duplicate of Herzliya Pituah, of
the Jaffa promenade." According to Leshniak, the Haifa
municipality is attempting to speed up the construction process
with the various authorities, including the Interior Ministry's
committee for coastal preservation, which must approve any
special project in the area due to its close proximity to the sea.
Most of the new structures are houses, which sport large
windows, pergolas and glass parapets. It is hard to avoid the
notion that the areas was cut off from the city in order to
become a kind of vacation village.
Opportunities and obstacles
Aside from the architectural, aesthetic factor, questions arise
about future tenets, and the new people who will live in the
area. The new projects, at least the first among them, have been
built as caches of "investment apartments," with each one
sporting an area of 50 meters. According to Skolnik, that is an
ominous sign. "The municipality is not assisting and is even
exacerbating problems of affordable housing for families. An
elementary school, which used to have 200 students 10 years
ago, now has less than half that number. That's more of a red
light than any crumbling plaster," he said.
Skolnik believes that physical preservation of the structures
should be a secondary goal alongside rehabilitating the quality
of life in what should be a functioning, residential
neighborhood. Bat Galim's standout location puts it in the
center of many public debates, like the ones over providing
power for the train, building a new promenade, dumping
sewage into the sea, and the structure that will eventually be
built over the old Egged station. Despite all that, renewal for the
neighborhood holds lots of new opportunities, but also many
obstacles of planning, that could determine its fate.
better or worse
by Keshet Rosenblum, from Haaretz, 14/2/13
The wave of construction in the seaside Haifa raises concerns
among residents and preservationists. Fourth and last article in
a series about preservation in Haifa.
Construction in Bat Galim: A matter of dispute
The Bat Galim neighborhood in Haifa has for many years been
a victim of neglect, abandonment, and as a result, crime. All of
this is in spite of Bat Galim's being situated next to one of the
most sought after resources in Israel - the beach. The British
made a tremendous mistake when they built train tracks east of
the neighborhood, effectively cutting it off from the rest of the
city. "When I arrived in Israel 35 years ago from Greece, I
could not understand how such a neighborhood was
undeveloped," said Paulina Leshniak, an architect and Haifa
resident. "In all Mediterranean states, the beaches are well
developed and sought after, but here, of all places, it's desolate."
Bat Galim has more than a beach, as it boasts a respectable
planning history as well. According to architect Zvi Skolnik, a
Bat Galim resident for over 40 years, the neighborhood is an
"inventory of public housing history," beginning with housing
built for British soldiers that is now designated for preservation.
The layout of the neighborhood was planned in 1922 by Richard
Kauffmann, and its first houses were planned by architects
including Alexander Baerwald, who designed the Technion
University campus, and Joseph Barsky, who designed the
famous Herzliya Gymnasium - two of the leading architects
from the "Israeli Period" of the previous century. Those first
houses are joined by more modern structures that were built
later, as well as Templar structures that were already there. At
the end of Bat Galim Boulevard, right on the water, stands the
abandoned Casino Bat Galim, built in the 1930s.
Despite the impressive architectural and cultural range, no
organized planning has been penned for the neighborhood since
the British left the country, and its houses are abandoned and
deteriorating. In recent years, however, even if the situation on
the ground only partially shows it, Bat Galim has seen an
unprecedented wave of construction and renewal. According to
city engineer Ariel Wasserman, the new activity stemmed from
a project meant to renovate public areas and infrastructure that
was carried out five years ago, and was a "trigger for
entrepreneurs." However, the renewal and planned massive
construction have caused concern among the neighborhood's
veteran residents, preservation societies and history buffs alike.
They're afraid of "eight-story monsters," according to Naama
Neeman-Mizrahi, from The Society for Preservation of Israeli
Heritage Sites, who stated that they should be built in a line
behind the historical structures. "It's not only ugly, but
primarily problematic in terms of composition," she said.
History erased
Between 1992 and 1994, a comprehensive conservation survey
was conducted by Dr. Ziva Colondi, commissioned by the city's
preservation committee. "Such a high-quality survey was not
done for most of Haifa," said Skolnik. "You've already done a
survey, so utilize it, make it happen," he urged. Skolnik believes
that the survey, which determines that 29 structures in five
different areas should be preserved, is "just the beginning."
"The first thing that must be done after such a survey is to
prepare documentation files for each of the structures," said the
architect. He adds that even though there is a hearing for every
case of construction on a building designated for preservation,
"the hearing is anything but a preservation hearing. Instead of
a preservation survey, submission of a three-dimensional
graphic plan for any project should be demanded, the more
information the better, and according to the plans, it can be
decided if construction is in line with preservation or not."
"In Haifa, there is a problem of preservation," agrees Eli Liran
from the Haifa Historical Society. "I hardly understand the
municipality's considerations." Liran, who studies the
structures built by Baerwald, describes some structures that
seemed to have escaped the survey, and are slated for
demolition. Among them is the house of the Menderly family on
Margolin Street. "This neighborhood is full of rich history, and
it is being lost," said Liran. "Even though I'm not an architect,
and I'm not expressing my opinion if its good or bad, I think it
is important to commemorate the past, and in this case they're
erasing it. That's how decades-old knowledge gets lost."
The Society for Preservation of Israeli Heritage Sites sees
another problem in the Haifa municipality's work. "There are
no comprehensive guidelines for the area, which is a problem
we've encountered in French Carmel, as well other Haifa
neighborhoods in which preservation surveys were conducted,"
said Neeman-Mizrahi.
As mentioned earlier, the Haifa municipality's contribution to
renewal in Bat Galim is by no means negligible. Casino Bat
Galim is undergoing extensive renovations, as is the old
abandoned kiosk facing the casino on the end of Bat Galim
Boulevard. "The preservation here is like acupuncture," said
Wasserman. He praised the "pioneering" entrepreneurs who
purchased apartments in the area, and rejects preservationist
claims by pointing out that anyone who wishes to renovate a
building designated for preservation must submit a file with
organized documentation. Leshniak's architecture office is
currently dealing with 14 plots in the neighborhood, and
construction will begin in some of them soon, while others are
in advanced stages of receiving permits.
Leshniak explained that the type of project varies; there are
some additions to preserved structures, there are new buildings,
and new projects undertaken within the framework of the
national plan to strengthen structures against earthquakes.
"I believe that every facet of Bat Galim will be completely
different within three years," she said. "There is huge demand,
and people see this place as a duplicate of Herzliya Pituah, of
the Jaffa promenade." According to Leshniak, the Haifa
municipality is attempting to speed up the construction process
with the various authorities, including the Interior Ministry's
committee for coastal preservation, which must approve any
special project in the area due to its close proximity to the sea.
Most of the new structures are houses, which sport large
windows, pergolas and glass parapets. It is hard to avoid the
notion that the areas was cut off from the city in order to
become a kind of vacation village.
Opportunities and obstacles
Aside from the architectural, aesthetic factor, questions arise
about future tenets, and the new people who will live in the
area. The new projects, at least the first among them, have been
built as caches of "investment apartments," with each one
sporting an area of 50 meters. According to Skolnik, that is an
ominous sign. "The municipality is not assisting and is even
exacerbating problems of affordable housing for families. An
elementary school, which used to have 200 students 10 years
ago, now has less than half that number. That's more of a red
light than any crumbling plaster," he said.
Skolnik believes that physical preservation of the structures
should be a secondary goal alongside rehabilitating the quality
of life in what should be a functioning, residential
neighborhood. Bat Galim's standout location puts it in the
center of many public debates, like the ones over providing
power for the train, building a new promenade, dumping
sewage into the sea, and the structure that will eventually be
built over the old Egged station. Despite all that, renewal for the
neighborhood holds lots of new opportunities, but also many
obstacles of planning, that could determine its fate.
1 The cable Parking for cars and beginning of the track.
The funicular - an initiative of Mayor Leo Gurel, designed
by architect Amnon Gelfman and directed by an Austrian
company. "The Gurel eggs", Gurel has not abandoned the
project implemented in 1986, about 100 years after
Benjamin Zeev Herzl had predicted it. The length of cable
is 355m, the height difference between the two stations is
130 m
2 Camp of immigrants Ministry of immigration building.
Near the first camp built in the country for immigrants,
established in 1923 on an area of 6.5 acres near the
railway. The site was used as a camp until 1928, then
served as rest house and in the late 30s was used by the
British Army. Today, the area of the immigrant camp is
neglected and it is difficult to identify what is left. Near
this historic building the Ministry of Immigration was
established
3 Veterans housing (the Jewish Brigade) and the
community garden The compound was built in 1945-7 by
the British, for veterans of the Jewish Brigade who fought
alongside the British during the Second World War. This
space of 290 apartments has special architectural qualities
and is due for conservation. At the end of the street, a
community garden - a project of the NPO Galim for
young people in the neighborhood serves all residents.
4 Beit Scandinavia This building, used by volunteers from
Scandinavia, was built by the Karasenti family in 1923.
The original structure was ground floor and two Bauhaus
style floors were added.
5 Victor Cohen House At Pinchas Margolin 51, - an
eclectic style building with a tiled roof. The building was
built in 1925 by Victor Cohen, who was an employee of
PICA. Just before this construction, a sign: "Ruben’s
nail" indicates the boundary of the Port of Haifa.
6 Hamawi House At Pinchas Margolin 39, The building is
a house built in the Beit Divan 20s. The building presents
picturesque green shutters, and over the door, a somewhat
decorative fuzzy inscription (1923) carved in the stone and
the words "If I forget thee, O Jerusalem, let my right hand
be fogotten "(# 11 on map).
7 Beit Margolin. At Pinchas Margolin 35, a house
belonging to the lawyer Pinchas Margolin, a member of
the Haifa Municipality. The street bears his name today.
The building was constructed between 1923 and 1924
8 Beit Haas At Pinchas Margolin 31, a villa built in the
early 20s, with 8 rooms, near the beach. The building is
now down and a new building was built in its place
preserving the facade on the promenade.
9 The Casino The original building was built by architect
Goldberger in 1930-1933 on the beach, in the international
style, and was intended to serve as a community and
cultural center of the neighborhood. A swimming pool
that no longer exists today, was built next to the
construction in 1946. The structure was partially restored a
few years ago, but is now neglected and has recently been
purchased by Gil Dankner who is committed to building a
motel with a swimming pool open to the public.
10 Sderot Bat - Galim Linking of the Aliyah Shnyia street
and the beach, it is part of the original design of the
neighborhood by architect Richard Kaufman. Buildings
along the avenue represent a variety of architectural styles
of the 20s and 30s, and modern construction. Two
important buildings: Beit Caspi, Bat Galim 7 (1935), with
a curved front and Beit Semsenov, Bat Galim 10 (1923)
11 Beit Caspi, Bat Galim 7 (1935)
12 Beit Semsenov, Bat Galim 10 (1923)
13 Nahalal 16 This building became famous when it was
hit by a Katyusha during the second Lebanon war. The
building was renovated by the Mass Rechoush
(government)
14 The Central Synagogue
15 The Windmill At Aliyah Shnyia 20/22. A Templar
building which has undergone additions over the years. At
the rear of the enclosure, behind cars, a small windmill
without wings. This area is the last vestige of the
colonisation by the Templars of today’s Bat Galim,
probably in 1872.
16 The Monastery of St. Joseph This monastery was built
in 1914-1912, some 20 years after the Carmelite
monastery, as a school. Today, the site includes Rambam
Hospital, the main hospital in the North.
17 The former Carmelite convent The monastery, built in
1892-1891, is currently the Rambam Hospital
18 The Rambam Medical Center The old hospital building
commissioned by the British government in 1934 was built
by the architect Erich Mendelsohn, and the main hospital
building by architect Arieh Sharon in 1975. two milestones
of architecture in Israel. The hospital is now in full
development and an unprecedented construction boom is
driven by the architectural firm headed by Sharon Arad,
the grand-son of the architect Arieh Sharon, and Uzi
Gordon Haifa who prepared the master plan for the new
center.
The Rambam Medical Center, with approximately 4,500
employees, including some living in Bat Galim, is present
in community outreach activities such as maintenance of
the music club for the youth and the "doctors buds " in
the neighbouring elementary school. The sea, the artists
and the Rambam Medical Center make Bat Galim .
The funicular - an initiative of Mayor Leo Gurel, designed
by architect Amnon Gelfman and directed by an Austrian
company. "The Gurel eggs", Gurel has not abandoned the
project implemented in 1986, about 100 years after
Benjamin Zeev Herzl had predicted it. The length of cable
is 355m, the height difference between the two stations is
130 m
2 Camp of immigrants Ministry of immigration building.
Near the first camp built in the country for immigrants,
established in 1923 on an area of 6.5 acres near the
railway. The site was used as a camp until 1928, then
served as rest house and in the late 30s was used by the
British Army. Today, the area of the immigrant camp is
neglected and it is difficult to identify what is left. Near
this historic building the Ministry of Immigration was
established
3 Veterans housing (the Jewish Brigade) and the
community garden The compound was built in 1945-7 by
the British, for veterans of the Jewish Brigade who fought
alongside the British during the Second World War. This
space of 290 apartments has special architectural qualities
and is due for conservation. At the end of the street, a
community garden - a project of the NPO Galim for
young people in the neighborhood serves all residents.
4 Beit Scandinavia This building, used by volunteers from
Scandinavia, was built by the Karasenti family in 1923.
The original structure was ground floor and two Bauhaus
style floors were added.
5 Victor Cohen House At Pinchas Margolin 51, - an
eclectic style building with a tiled roof. The building was
built in 1925 by Victor Cohen, who was an employee of
PICA. Just before this construction, a sign: "Ruben’s
nail" indicates the boundary of the Port of Haifa.
6 Hamawi House At Pinchas Margolin 39, The building is
a house built in the Beit Divan 20s. The building presents
picturesque green shutters, and over the door, a somewhat
decorative fuzzy inscription (1923) carved in the stone and
the words "If I forget thee, O Jerusalem, let my right hand
be fogotten "(# 11 on map).
7 Beit Margolin. At Pinchas Margolin 35, a house
belonging to the lawyer Pinchas Margolin, a member of
the Haifa Municipality. The street bears his name today.
The building was constructed between 1923 and 1924
8 Beit Haas At Pinchas Margolin 31, a villa built in the
early 20s, with 8 rooms, near the beach. The building is
now down and a new building was built in its place
preserving the facade on the promenade.
9 The Casino The original building was built by architect
Goldberger in 1930-1933 on the beach, in the international
style, and was intended to serve as a community and
cultural center of the neighborhood. A swimming pool
that no longer exists today, was built next to the
construction in 1946. The structure was partially restored a
few years ago, but is now neglected and has recently been
purchased by Gil Dankner who is committed to building a
motel with a swimming pool open to the public.
10 Sderot Bat - Galim Linking of the Aliyah Shnyia street
and the beach, it is part of the original design of the
neighborhood by architect Richard Kaufman. Buildings
along the avenue represent a variety of architectural styles
of the 20s and 30s, and modern construction. Two
important buildings: Beit Caspi, Bat Galim 7 (1935), with
a curved front and Beit Semsenov, Bat Galim 10 (1923)
11 Beit Caspi, Bat Galim 7 (1935)
12 Beit Semsenov, Bat Galim 10 (1923)
13 Nahalal 16 This building became famous when it was
hit by a Katyusha during the second Lebanon war. The
building was renovated by the Mass Rechoush
(government)
14 The Central Synagogue
15 The Windmill At Aliyah Shnyia 20/22. A Templar
building which has undergone additions over the years. At
the rear of the enclosure, behind cars, a small windmill
without wings. This area is the last vestige of the
colonisation by the Templars of today’s Bat Galim,
probably in 1872.
16 The Monastery of St. Joseph This monastery was built
in 1914-1912, some 20 years after the Carmelite
monastery, as a school. Today, the site includes Rambam
Hospital, the main hospital in the North.
17 The former Carmelite convent The monastery, built in
1892-1891, is currently the Rambam Hospital
18 The Rambam Medical Center The old hospital building
commissioned by the British government in 1934 was built
by the architect Erich Mendelsohn, and the main hospital
building by architect Arieh Sharon in 1975. two milestones
of architecture in Israel. The hospital is now in full
development and an unprecedented construction boom is
driven by the architectural firm headed by Sharon Arad,
the grand-son of the architect Arieh Sharon, and Uzi
Gordon Haifa who prepared the master plan for the new
center.
The Rambam Medical Center, with approximately 4,500
employees, including some living in Bat Galim, is present
in community outreach activities such as maintenance of
the music club for the youth and the "doctors buds " in
the neighbouring elementary school. The sea, the artists
and the Rambam Medical Center make Bat Galim .
1 Le téléphérique Parking pour les voitures et début de la piste.
Le funiculaire - une initiative du maire Leo Gurel, conçu par
l'architecte Amnon Gelfman et réalisé par une société
autrichienne. « Les oeufs de Gurel » qui n’a pas renoncé au
projet mis en place en 1986, environ 100 ans après que
Benjamin Zeev Herzl l'avait prédit. La longueur du cable de
téléphérique est de 355m, la dénivellation entre les deux stations
de 130 mètres
2 Camp des immigrants Bâtiment du Ministère des nouveaux
immigrants. Près du premier camp construit dans le pays pour
les immigrants, créé en 1923 sur une superficie de 6,5 acres près
de la voie ferrée. Le site a été utilisé comme camp jusqu'à 1928,
puis a servi de maison de repos et à la fin des années 30 a été
utilisé par l'armée britannique. Aujourd'hui, la zone du camp
d'immigrants est négligée et il est difficile d’identifier qui en
reste. Près de ce bâtiment historique est établi le Ministère de l’
Immigration.
3 Logement des anciens combattants (de la Brigade Juive) et
jardin communautaire Le lotissement a été construit en 1945-7
par les Britanniques, pour les anciens combattants de la Brigade
juive qui ont combattu aux côtés des Britanniques pendant la
seconde guerre mondiale. Cet espace de 290 appartements aux
qualités architecturales spéciales est destiné à la conservation.
Au bout de la rue, un jardin communautaire - un projet de l’
association des jeunes du quartier Galim et qui sert tous les
résidents.
4 Beit Scandinavia Ce bâtiment qui est utilisé par les bénévoles
de la maison de la Scandinavie, a été construit par la famille
Karasenti en 1923. La structure originale est de plain - pied et
deux étages construits dans le style Bauhaus ont été ajoutes.
5 Maison Victor Cohen Au 51, quai Pinchas Margolin - un
bâtiment de style éclectique avec un toit de tuiles. Le bâtiment a
été construit en 1925 par Victor Cohen, qui était un employé de
PICA. Juste avant cette construction, un signe "le clou de
Ruben» - qui indique la limite du Port de Haïfa.
6 Maison Hamawi Au 39 quai Pinchas Margolin, Le bâtiment
est une maison Beit Divan construite dans les années 20. Le
bâtiment présente des volets pittoresques verts, et au-dessus de la
porte fixe une inscription décorative avec l'année de construction
sculptée un peu floue (1923) et les mots « Si je t'oublie,
Jérusalem, que ma main droite m'oublie "(N ° 11 sur la carte).
7 Beit Margolin. Au 35, quai Pinchas Margolin, une maison qui
appartenait à l'avocat Pinchas Margolin, un membre de la
municipalité de Haïfa. La rue porte son nom aujourd'hui. Le
bâtiment a été construit entre 1923 et 1924
8 Beit Haas Au 31, quai Pinchas Margolin, une villa construite
au début des années 20, de 8 pièces près de la plage. Le bâtiment
est aujourd'hui effondre et un nouveau bâtiment a été construit à
sa place conservant la façade sur la promenade.
9 Le Casino Le bâtiment d'origine a été construit par l’architecte
Goldberger en 1930-1933 sur la plage, dans le style
international, et était destiné à servir de centre communautaire
et culturel du quartier Une piscine qui n'existe plus aujourd'hui,
a été construite à cote du bâtiment en 1946 La structure a été
partiellement restaurée il y a quelques années, mais elle est
maintenant négligée et a été achetée récemment par Gil Dankner
qui s’est engagé à construire un motel avec une piscine ouverte
au public.
10 Sderot Bat - Galim Reliant la rue de la Seconde Alya et la
plage, elle fait partie de la conception originale du quartier par
l'architecte Richard Kaufman. Les bâtiments le long de l’avenue
représentent une variété de styles de construction des années 20
et 30, et de la construction moderne. Deux bâtiments importants
du boulevard : Beit Caspi, Bat Galim 7 (1935), avec une façade
bombée, et Beit Semsenov Bat Galim 10 (1923)
11 Beit Caspi, Bat Galim 7 (1935)
12 Beit Semsenov Bat Galim 10 (1923)
13 Nahalal 16 Ce bâtiment est devenu célèbre lorsqu'il a été
frappé par une Katioucha au cours de la seconde guerre du
Liban. Le bâtiment a été rénové par le Mass Rechoush
(gouvernement)
14 La Synagogue centrale
15 Le Moulin à vent Au 20/22 Deuxième Aliyah. Un bâtiment
des Templiers qui a subi des ajouts au fil des ans. A l'arrière de
l'enceinte, derrière un parking, un petit moulin à vent sans ailes.
Cette zone est le dernier vestige des essais d’implantation des
Templiers a Bat Galim d’aujourd'hui, probablement en 1872.
16 Le Monastère de Saint-Joseph Ce monastère a été construit
en 1914-1912, quelque 20 ans après le monastère des Carmélites
pour servir d'école. Aujourd'hui, le site comprend l'hôpital
Rambam, le principal hôpital du Nord.
17 L’ancien couvent des Carmes Le monastère, construit en
1892-1891, est actuellement l'Hôpital Rambam
18 Le Centre Médical Rambam L'ancien bâtiment de l'hôpital
commandé par le gouvernement britannique en 1934 a été
construit par l'architecte Erich Mendelsohn, et le bâtiment
principal de l'hôpital par l'architecte Arieh Sharon en 1975.
deux jalons de l'architecture en Israël. L’hôpital est maintenant
en plein développement et boom de construction sans précédent
conduite par le cabinet d'architectes dirigé par Arad Sharon- le
petit-fils de l'architecte Arieh Sharon et Uzi Gordon de Haïfa qui
a préparé le plan directeur pour le nouveau centre.
Le Centre Médical Rambam, avec environ 4500 employés, dont
une partie habite à Bat Galim, est présents dans les activités
communautaires de proximité tels que l'entretien club de
musique pour la jeunesse et du programme " bourgeons de
médecins" à l'école élémentaire voisine. La mer, les artistes et le
Centre Médical Rambam font Bat Galim communautaire du
quartier des artistes et des amoureux de la mer avec seulement
sensibilisation à la santé et les environnements de soins de santé.
Le funiculaire - une initiative du maire Leo Gurel, conçu par
l'architecte Amnon Gelfman et réalisé par une société
autrichienne. « Les oeufs de Gurel » qui n’a pas renoncé au
projet mis en place en 1986, environ 100 ans après que
Benjamin Zeev Herzl l'avait prédit. La longueur du cable de
téléphérique est de 355m, la dénivellation entre les deux stations
de 130 mètres
2 Camp des immigrants Bâtiment du Ministère des nouveaux
immigrants. Près du premier camp construit dans le pays pour
les immigrants, créé en 1923 sur une superficie de 6,5 acres près
de la voie ferrée. Le site a été utilisé comme camp jusqu'à 1928,
puis a servi de maison de repos et à la fin des années 30 a été
utilisé par l'armée britannique. Aujourd'hui, la zone du camp
d'immigrants est négligée et il est difficile d’identifier qui en
reste. Près de ce bâtiment historique est établi le Ministère de l’
Immigration.
3 Logement des anciens combattants (de la Brigade Juive) et
jardin communautaire Le lotissement a été construit en 1945-7
par les Britanniques, pour les anciens combattants de la Brigade
juive qui ont combattu aux côtés des Britanniques pendant la
seconde guerre mondiale. Cet espace de 290 appartements aux
qualités architecturales spéciales est destiné à la conservation.
Au bout de la rue, un jardin communautaire - un projet de l’
association des jeunes du quartier Galim et qui sert tous les
résidents.
4 Beit Scandinavia Ce bâtiment qui est utilisé par les bénévoles
de la maison de la Scandinavie, a été construit par la famille
Karasenti en 1923. La structure originale est de plain - pied et
deux étages construits dans le style Bauhaus ont été ajoutes.
5 Maison Victor Cohen Au 51, quai Pinchas Margolin - un
bâtiment de style éclectique avec un toit de tuiles. Le bâtiment a
été construit en 1925 par Victor Cohen, qui était un employé de
PICA. Juste avant cette construction, un signe "le clou de
Ruben» - qui indique la limite du Port de Haïfa.
6 Maison Hamawi Au 39 quai Pinchas Margolin, Le bâtiment
est une maison Beit Divan construite dans les années 20. Le
bâtiment présente des volets pittoresques verts, et au-dessus de la
porte fixe une inscription décorative avec l'année de construction
sculptée un peu floue (1923) et les mots « Si je t'oublie,
Jérusalem, que ma main droite m'oublie "(N ° 11 sur la carte).
7 Beit Margolin. Au 35, quai Pinchas Margolin, une maison qui
appartenait à l'avocat Pinchas Margolin, un membre de la
municipalité de Haïfa. La rue porte son nom aujourd'hui. Le
bâtiment a été construit entre 1923 et 1924
8 Beit Haas Au 31, quai Pinchas Margolin, une villa construite
au début des années 20, de 8 pièces près de la plage. Le bâtiment
est aujourd'hui effondre et un nouveau bâtiment a été construit à
sa place conservant la façade sur la promenade.
9 Le Casino Le bâtiment d'origine a été construit par l’architecte
Goldberger en 1930-1933 sur la plage, dans le style
international, et était destiné à servir de centre communautaire
et culturel du quartier Une piscine qui n'existe plus aujourd'hui,
a été construite à cote du bâtiment en 1946 La structure a été
partiellement restaurée il y a quelques années, mais elle est
maintenant négligée et a été achetée récemment par Gil Dankner
qui s’est engagé à construire un motel avec une piscine ouverte
au public.
10 Sderot Bat - Galim Reliant la rue de la Seconde Alya et la
plage, elle fait partie de la conception originale du quartier par
l'architecte Richard Kaufman. Les bâtiments le long de l’avenue
représentent une variété de styles de construction des années 20
et 30, et de la construction moderne. Deux bâtiments importants
du boulevard : Beit Caspi, Bat Galim 7 (1935), avec une façade
bombée, et Beit Semsenov Bat Galim 10 (1923)
11 Beit Caspi, Bat Galim 7 (1935)
12 Beit Semsenov Bat Galim 10 (1923)
13 Nahalal 16 Ce bâtiment est devenu célèbre lorsqu'il a été
frappé par une Katioucha au cours de la seconde guerre du
Liban. Le bâtiment a été rénové par le Mass Rechoush
(gouvernement)
14 La Synagogue centrale
15 Le Moulin à vent Au 20/22 Deuxième Aliyah. Un bâtiment
des Templiers qui a subi des ajouts au fil des ans. A l'arrière de
l'enceinte, derrière un parking, un petit moulin à vent sans ailes.
Cette zone est le dernier vestige des essais d’implantation des
Templiers a Bat Galim d’aujourd'hui, probablement en 1872.
16 Le Monastère de Saint-Joseph Ce monastère a été construit
en 1914-1912, quelque 20 ans après le monastère des Carmélites
pour servir d'école. Aujourd'hui, le site comprend l'hôpital
Rambam, le principal hôpital du Nord.
17 L’ancien couvent des Carmes Le monastère, construit en
1892-1891, est actuellement l'Hôpital Rambam
18 Le Centre Médical Rambam L'ancien bâtiment de l'hôpital
commandé par le gouvernement britannique en 1934 a été
construit par l'architecte Erich Mendelsohn, et le bâtiment
principal de l'hôpital par l'architecte Arieh Sharon en 1975.
deux jalons de l'architecture en Israël. L’hôpital est maintenant
en plein développement et boom de construction sans précédent
conduite par le cabinet d'architectes dirigé par Arad Sharon- le
petit-fils de l'architecte Arieh Sharon et Uzi Gordon de Haïfa qui
a préparé le plan directeur pour le nouveau centre.
Le Centre Médical Rambam, avec environ 4500 employés, dont
une partie habite à Bat Galim, est présents dans les activités
communautaires de proximité tels que l'entretien club de
musique pour la jeunesse et du programme " bourgeons de
médecins" à l'école élémentaire voisine. La mer, les artistes et le
Centre Médical Rambam font Bat Galim communautaire du
quartier des artistes et des amoureux de la mer avec seulement
sensibilisation à la santé et les environnements de soins de santé.
Parcours des visites Beit Galim 3
Beit Galim 3 visit
Beit Galim 3 visit
Bar Galim